Eggnog

According to the Custom



One of my earliest memories is of standing beside my father in the kitchen on the day after Thanksgiving as he made eggnog. I must have been 6 or 7 at the time, because I remember the silvery bowl was almost as big as I was. The bowl shrank over the years, but in the beginning it was huge.

I recall standing on a stool beside him as he added whiskey to the bowl in a slow stream as delicate as a chef making mayonnaise, the electric mixer going full speed beating a whining, rattling tattoo on the sides of the bowl. He was, and is, a gentle man, but he was also big and expansive and that was the most delicate and patient operation I ever saw him perform.

The whiskey entered the maelstrom almost drop by drop.

The whiskey entered the maelstrom almost drop by drop. He'd learned from past years that working too quickly, too brashly, produced scrambled eggs instead of the smooth and unctuous base he'd need a month from that day when he added the cream and served the nog to guests. And there were inevitable splatters that over the years graced the open pages of the cookbook containing the recipe.

For more than 50 years, my father made eggnog almost every Thanksgiving and then aged it until Christmas. It is a family tradition, a footnote in the long history of eggnog. During the aging process a number of chemical processes occur producing new flavor compounds (as does the exposure to air). By the time he adds the cream a month later you would have no idea there was any alcohol in it at all.

The Raw Egg Issue

Read my father's recipe, or any other traditional recipe for nog, and you'll find it includes raw eggs. In the case of my father's version not only are the eggs raw to begin with, but they're then allowed to sit, unrefrigerated, for a month. Sounds like a recipe for something far worse than salmonella. But it's not.

The FDA advises against ever eating raw eggs, but then the FDA asserts that everything on earth should be heated to at least 160 before eating — which would give plain old scrambled eggs the texture of shoe leather. In liquids, alcohol concentrations as low as 8 percent are enough to kill most bacteria. In the case of Dad's recipe, I calculated the alcohol content at 21 percent of the total — nearly 1/4 pure alcohol. And that's not counting the sugar, which is also a preservative (it disrupts the cell membranes ("skin") of microorganisms).

I'm not advising you to ignore the FDA and if you're concerned about pathogens you can make the base just before using it and use pasteurized eggs. Pasteurized eggs, like pasteurized milk, have been heated to a temperature sufficient to kill any pathogens. But personally, I plan to have several nogs of my father's Christmas cheer this December, made exactly the way he's always made it.

One caveat, if you see the mixture bubbling or any sort of film or mold appears on it, then something has gone wrong. Discard it. I've never seen this happen but I suppose a super eggnog-resistant organism is possible.

The origin of eggnog, as with any recipe more than 100 years old, is more theory than fact. However, early recipes were often made with ale, which was often served in a "noggin" (a small cup) and likely was the source of the "nog" or "nogg" portion of the name (the "egg" part is self-evident). We also know that, made with brandy or wine, it was an expensive drink popular with the English aristocracy. Jerry Thomas' Bartenders Guide or How to Mix Drinks (first published in 1862) included this recipe:

Egg Nogg

(Use large bar-glass.)
Take 1 large teaspoonful of powdered white sugar.
1 fresh egg.
½ wine-glass of brandy.
½ wine-glass of Santa Cruz rum.
A little shaved ice.

Fill the glass with rich milk and shake up the ingredients until they are thoroughly mixed. Pour the mixture into a goblet excluding the ice, and grate a little nutmeg on top. This may be made by using a wineglass of either of the above liquors, instead of both combined.

Every well ordered bar should have a tin egg-nogg "shaker," which is a great aid in mixing this beverage.

A larger version in the same book calls for 20 eggs and 2 1/2 quarts of "fine old brandy."

Eggnog likely came to this country from England with aristocratic immigrants. Isaac Weld, an 18th-century Irish traveler who wrote about his travels in America, noted: "The American travelers, before they pursued their journey, took a draught each, according to custom, of egg-nog, a mixture composed of new milk, eggs, rum, and sugar, beat up together." Brandy was indeed a precious commodity in the New World, so rum became the most common alcohol in the North while bourbon became typical in the South.

My father's original recipe came from the Wise Encyclopedia of Cooking, his favorite cookbook. The book was reprinted about 30 years ago, and I bought a copy that I gave to my father for Christmas. I asked for his old, battered, green, clothbound edition for my library. I did want the old book, as a connection with my father; but more, I wanted the pencil notations on the eggnog recipe that detailed his changes to the ingredients.

On the many Christmases that I've since spent away from my parents, I've often turned to that old volume, now bound in duct tape, to make a batch of nog myself. As I hoped back when I swapped a new book for his old one, I feel his presence beside me when I make it, and again when I raise a noggin to him.

Make up a batch this Thanksgiving weekend, stick it in the back of a closet, and come Christmas pull it out, add the cream, and raise a toast to my old man and a long tradition.

Dad's Eggnog
Makes about 4 cups, 8 servings.

Base Mixture:
6 large eggs
3/4 cup bourbon
1/3 cup rum (dark is best)
1/2 cup granualted sugar

With an electric mixer, beat eggs until well mixed.
Combine bourbon and rum and add very gradually to the egg mixture; this should take about 15 minutes. If the booze is added too quickly, it will curdle the eggs by causing the proteins to denature, so take it slow.

Beat in the sugar — about 5 minutes — and store in a glass or ceramic jar or jug in a cool, dark place, but not a refrigerator. The container should be covered loosely, but you want some air to get in.

Finished Mixture:
1 cup whipping cream
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
1/4 cup sugar

Whip the cream until almost stiff. Whip in vanilla and sugar.

Stir the base mixture and thoroughly mix into cream.

This nog will be very thick and you may wish to thin it somewhat with milk.

Serve in punch cups with a sprinkling of finely grated nutmeg.

Note: Dad says he often increases the bourbon to 1 cup and the rum to 1/2 cup in the base mixture producing a more potent (and less thick) end result. He warns that if you do this, the time spent adding the booze to the eggs will be proportionately longer.

Update: This experiment was just published (12/17/09) on NPR's Science Friday. The most interesting thing is that freshly made nog (with unpasteurized eggs) is more dangerous than nog made at least three weeks in advance.

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